The nonopioid results of tramadol are resulting from its ability to block the reuptake of monoamines, for example norepinephrine (NE) and serotonin (5HT). Boosts in NE are known to mediate the human body's natural pain-aid devices. A number of its ache-relieving effects are due to amplified levels of NE that act on alpha2 adrenergic receptors and t